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The solder paste is applied to the pads through a machine by holding the stencil tightly on the PCB. Then components are placed according to the footprints with the help of optic technology. The engineers inspect the placement of the components through an optic machine to make sure it’s free from flaws, and this should be done before reflow soldering. Sometimes the x-ray technology is used for inspection which is essential before PCB testing. Such inspection helps detect poor solder joints, as well as short circuits that happen during the reflow soldering.
The placement machines are unable to hold a PCB if the PCB edge is crowded with components, and this can influence SMT manufacturing. You also have to consider the tooling strips for miniature PCBs. The tooling strips should be at least 6 mm to help a machine have a proper grip during the PCB assembly. You can also give the V-score on the tooling strips to separate the parts easily in the later stage.
Keeping the SMT components in one direction can also reduce the flaws and helps have placement the components in one go. So, the selection of the components and their placement affects the SMT assembly, making it smooth or horrible.